World Urban Digest 1

Issue 1 – fall - winter 2023

Chapter 1. UN-Habitat Scroll of Honour Award 2023

On August 15, the winners of the UN-Habitat Scroll of Honour Award were announced in Nairobi. The Award has been held since 1989 to give due praise to countries, governments, organizations and individuals who have made a major contribution to residential development. In 2023, five projects received the Certificate of Appreciation.
Assembleia de Moradores, Braga, Portugal
The Braga City Government holds monthly meetings with representatives of the 10 most socially vulnerable neighborhoods (at the Human Power Hub). During the meetings, new pilot support measures for vulnerable neighborhoods are developed.
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Ecovironment, Sierra Leone
Ecovironment company recycles plastic waste to produce paving slabs and bricks using its own chemical-free plastic extrusion technology. This technology solves the problem of plastic pollution and its negative effects on the urban environment and also creates new jobs.
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ProEmpleo, Mexico City, Mexico
The ProEmpleo Foundation organizes training and consulting programs aimed at job creation and entrepreneurial growth. Since its creation in 1995, the foundation has helped 111,000 people to create and enhance 17,000 microenterprises. The Foundation has helped to create and maintain more than 102,000 jobs.
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Fundo Imobiliário Comunitário para Aluguel (FICA), São Paulo, Brazil
The FICA Foundation uses crowdfunding to purchase real estate that it rents out to low-income populations at non-speculative prices. The foundation aims to address the housing needs of vulnerable groups and support the gentrification of decaying elements of the urban environment.
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Fat, oil and grease waste recycling project, Dubai, UAE
In 2009, Al Serkal Group built a facility to recycle oil and fat waste from hotels and restaurants. After recycling, the waste is reduced to soil, water and oils that can be reused for composting and irrigation, as well as in cosmetics and transportation. The project is designed to prevent pollution caused by fatty waste in the sewage system.
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Chapter 2. Guangzhou Award 2023

Guangzhou Award 2023
The award ceremony was held on December 7. The winners of this award circle are Bogota (Urban Gender Agenda in SDGs), Chalandri (Sustainable Water Use - Engineering Practices from Antiquity in Urban Innovation), Gwangju (Community Care Program), Kampala (Information Systems in Waste Management), and Xianning (Traffic Safety near Schools).
Fifteen projects from cities representing all macro-regions of the world were shortlisted: Antalya (Turkey), Bogota (Colombia), Cape Town (South Africa), Gwangju (Republic of Korea), Halandri (Greece), Istapalapa (Mexico), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kampala (Uganda), Mannheim (Germany), Pimpri-Chinchwad (India), Ramallah (Palestine), São Paulo (Brazil), Tehran (Iran), Xianning (China). All submitted applications are successful examples of unique innovative projects in the field of sustainable urban development.
Russian city Kazan entered the short list with the project of a multifunctional public park "Little Chaikovo Lake". The park is an inclusive space for rehabilitation of patients of the city hospital, as well as for recreation of local residents. The project was developed in close cooperation between the city authorities, representatives of the healthcare system and local residents.
The authors of the award recognized 30 "deserving initiatives" that were not included in the list of finalists, but nevertheless submitted innovative urban development projects that had made a significant contribution to socio-economic and sustainable development. Two Russian projects made it to the list: the Svetly public garden in Krasnoyarsk and the Moscow hackathon "Leaders of Digital Transformation".
The Guangzhou International Award promotes the exchange of best practices in the field of urban development.
In total, the award committee processed 274 applications from 193 cities and regions from 54 countries. The number of participating cities was higher than in the previous award cycles.
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Chapter 3. Urban Technology

Smart technologies for green space maintenance
Software to record, monitor and care for urban trees is becoming increasingly popular in cities around the world.
  • In Berlin, the Gieß den Kiez ("Water the Neighborhood") platform has been operating since 2020. It maintains a database of all trees in the city, rainfall statistics and tree watering indicators. The platform allows citizens to communicate with each other and contribute to the greening of the city. In 2021, the city of Leipzig and several other German municipalities, started using this instrument;
  • Since 2016, New York City Department of Parks and Recreation maintains an interactive green space database NYC Tree Map. The project provides citizens the information about individual trees, including the date and ID number of the last inspection, and allows them to report problems and mark on the map various activities including watering, trash removal, and soil treatment. The database currently tracks more than 860 thousand trees;
  • Washington City Department of Transportation created a digital tree map that allows citizens to report tree conditions, including watering needs, leaf discoloration, or insect damage;
  • In Athens, Greece, the Adopt-a-Tree app allows citizens to take responsibility for watering city trees during the dry summer months.
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    Use of smart transportation systems has reduced the number of crashes in the U.S.
    Researchers from the U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO) analyzed statistics of traffic accidents from 2011 to 2018 on five roads equipped with smart traffic lights in the states of Texas and Florida. It was found that the number of accidents had decreased by about 5%. However, a survey revealed the lack of qualified personnel qualified to operate these systems, as well as the need to replace some of the older equipment. According to the survey, the process of procuring the necessary equipment is sometimes delayed so much that by the time the equipment is bought it is already obsolete.
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    Barrier-free city routes in Singapore
    Traditionally, navigation apps calculate routes without taking into account the needs of citizens with limited mobility. To solve this problem, Singapore has launched a crowdsourcing online platform SmartBFA, which allows people with limited mobility to know the most suitable routes through the city. Volunteers upload data on the accessibility of streets and public facilities and provide detailed descriptions with photos and videos. Thanks to this, citizens with limited mobility can use SmartBFA to build routes taking into account their abilities.
    The New York City way to deal with noise
    In 2023, the authorities of the Upper West Side neighborhood of Manhattan received about 25,000 complaints regarding high noise levels, the main source of which are cars and motorcycles with illegally modified mufflers.
    The authorities have installed two video cameras equipped with noise meters. It is able to recognize a sound with a volume of 85 decibels or more at a distance of at least 15 meters from the source. The fine for the first noise level violation is $800 (11% of the average monthly salary in New York), for the second it is $1,700 (23% of the average monthly salary in New York), and for the third it is $2,500 (4% of the average monthly salary in New York).
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    By 2030, about 700 cities in the world will be use urban metaverse
    Experts of the American research company ABI Research believe that urban metaverse platforms will help to increase the involvement of residents in the management of cities with the help of e-government services, as well as increase the efficiency of urban infrastructure. In their opinion, by year 2030 about 700 cities will use some form of urban metaverse. Urban metaverse technology includes the combined use of digital twins, artificial intelligence, cloud, virtual, augmented and extended reality technologies. Currently, projects or plans to create them exist in Seoul, Rome, Tampere (Finland) and Dubai. For example, Dubai expects to create 40 thousand virtual jobs and increase GDP by $4 billion (367.6 billion rubles) by 2030, while the Rome metaverse project aims to develop the best solutions for improving energy efficiency in residential buildings.
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    New York City announced the launch of an electronic platform for testing innovative urban projects
    The NYC Smart City Testbed Program was launched in New York City starting in the fall of 2023. It will allow city services, private companies and educational institutions to test up to eight high-tech projects annually to improve the urban environment. The testing period will range from six to nine months. The costs will be covered by the project teams themselves. The city will provide access to municipal property, as well as all necessary administrative, legal, technical and other support.
    There are currently three projects on the platform:
    • A robot with wall radar and a UAV with thermal imager and laser locator to identify vulnerabilities that reduce the energy efficiency of buildings;
    • Installation of 12 special sensors with computer vision to collect and analyze data on street and road traffic;
    • A project by the Dutch company Static Air to install special devices to capture harmful particles PM2.5 and PM10 to prevent diseases caused by them and improve air quality in the city. The devices are planned to be placed in schools and playgrounds for up to 6 months. Their effectiveness will be monitored online.
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    Chapter 4. Urban mobility

    Intelligent Transportation System in Seoul
    In 2003, Seoul launched an innovative intelligent transportation system (ITS). It consists of a network of sensors and cameras that collect data on road traffic, pedestrian movement, and road conditions. The introduction of the system allowed for increasing the share of public transport from 20% to 70%. ITS is constantly being improved. For example, in 2023, a pilot project was launched to install adaptive traffic lights that analyze traffic congestion using AI algorithms.
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    Paris has become the first European capital to completely ban scooter sharing
    According to the results of the referendum held in April 2023, the rental of electric scooters is banned in Paris starting from September 1, 2023. 103 thousand citizens took part in the vote, 89% of whom supported the ban. Five thousand electric scooters belonging to sharing services disappeared from the streets of Paris, while the owners of their own electric scooters were not affected by the measure. Parisians earlier have expressed concerns about safety and disorder on the streets, caused by the spread of electric scooters in recent years. The city administration believes that the ban could become a positive example for other cities.
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    Marseille reduces the number of electric scooters
    On September 11, 2023, Marseille Mayor Benoît Payan announced that the city has obligated sharing services to remove 1.5 out of 4 thousand public scooters from the streets in order to strengthen order in public places and on the roads. According to the mayor's statement, such a measure was a consequence of the unwillingness of operators to cooperate on the regulation of this type of transportation. The city authorities also announced plans to fine sharing companies for 25 euros for each improperly parked electric scooter.
    Praga banned parking of electric scooters in a historical neighborhood
    Prague has banned electric scooters from parking in public places under the district's supervision in the Municipal District Prague 1. According to the local police, the number of traffic accidents involving electric scooters is 8 times higher than the number of accidents involving bicycles.
    New York City Council approves measures to combat battery ignitions
    The New York City Council has approved a trade-in program to reduce the number of electric bicycles and scooters with uncertified batteries. It is an addition to a local law that requires all rented or leased electric bicycles and scooters to meet safety standards. The measure was introduced in response to an increase in the number of battery explosions.
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    Latin America is experiencing an electric bus boom
    Latin America is famous for the popularity of electric buses, thanks to the efforts of local authorities to promote sustainable urban mobility.
    According to a study by C40 Cities, the number of electric buses and trolleybuses in the region has doubled in the last two years (5 thousand in 2023 vs. 2.5 thousand in 2021). By 2030, the total number of electric buses and trolleybuses in the region will exceed 25 thousand, and by 2050 there will be 55 thousand of them. By 2030, the share of electric buses in the bus fleet of 32 Latin American cities participating in the study will grow from 4.5% to 30%, with Brazil, Colombia, Chile and Mexico sharing 82% of the electric bus market in the region.
    C40 Cities experts expect that by 2030 the investment potential of this industry in Latin America will amount to at least USD 11.6 billion, and by 2050 it will reach USD 24.6 billion.
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    Australia to test the world's first railless tram
    Stirling city in Australia is testing the world's first tram without rails, which is a 30-meter-long vehicle with zero emissions and an average speed of 70 km/h that uses a dedicated lane with traffic light priority.
    The railless tram is a hybrid of a bus and light rail developed by Chinese CRRC Holding. The tram moves on rubber tires and is controlled by digital sensors and magnetic plates embedded in the road surface. It is equipped with an electric battery, which ensures zero emissions.
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    Chapter 5. Territorial planning

    London's ultra-low emission zone
    London authorities have expanded the "ultra-low emission zone" which now covers all areas of the city. The new measure significantly limits the availability of the city for vehicles that do not meet modern environmental standards. The owners of such vehicles will have to pay expensive fees. It is estimated that since the launch of the program in 2019, when it covered only the central districts of the city, emissions of nitrogen oxides and dioxides across London have decreased by 23%. It is projected that extending the “ultra-low emission zone” to the whole area of London will save the city's health and social care system around £5 billion by 2050.
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    Lisbon super neighborhood
    Authorities of Lisbon's central district of Campo de Ourique has created an experiment "super neighborhood". This term refers to an area of the city consisting of several connected neighborhoods. Its territory undergone a complete renovation, including reduced vehicle traffic and landscaping with more green and recreational spaces for residents. Previously, a similar experiment was successfully implemented in Barcelona.
    Creation of pedestrian zones
    Creation of pedestrian zones in cities is a measure to improve community well-being, stimulate economic development, and improve traffic safety.
    Examples:
    • Spark, Indianapolis (USA) - A temporary pedestrian zone in the city center opened for a period from July to November 2023. The pedestrian traffic in the area increased by 40%. This initiative supports residents, local businesses and artists;
    • Portland, Oregon (USA) - The City Council voted to close a number of paved streets to vehicles. The new pedestrian areas are popular among residents. Thy also helped to attract investment to the city center.
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    Scientists research the impact of green urban planning on the health of Europeans
    Scientists from the University of Cambridge and the Institute of Global Health in Barcelona have shown that green urban planning reduces the incidence of diseases, including respiratory diseases.
    In five of the eight researched low-emission zones (LEZ - Low Emission Zone), scientists found a reduction in mortality and hospitalization rates among people with cardiovascular disease and circulatory disorders.
    Another group of researchers in the scientific and medical journal BMJ researched the health of 260,000 employees of British companies. The study found that those who got to work by bicycle or on foot faced a lower risk of diseases compared to motorists.
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    Parisian zinc roofs will be turned into gardens
    Gray zinc roofs are one of the features of Parisian architecture. Galvanized roofing became massively used since the middle of the XIX century, when Napoleon III implemented a large-scale reconstruction of the French capital.
    Now about 70-80% of historic buildings in Paris have zinc roofs. At the same time, such roofs actively absorb solar heat and temperature of buildings. A team of Parisian architects Roofscapes offers to solve this problem by creating gardens on the roof - for this purpose wooden platforms are planned to be installed on the buildings. According to the architects, the greening of roofs will bring a triple benefit:
    • to help Parisians to bear the summer heat (which sometimes exceeds 40°C) more easily;
    • to increase urban biodiversity;
    • to increase the city's public spaces.
    Roofscapes claims that the price of greening one m2 of roof will vary from 1.5 to 2 thousand euros (148-198 thousand rubles).
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    11 more skyscrapers will be built in the business center of London by 2030
    According to the statement of the Corporation of the City of London, in this area it is planned to build at least 500 thousand m2 of office space (an area equal to 70 soccer fields), the construction of another 500 thousand m2 is at the stage of approval.
    The decision to build is dictated by the return of employees to offices after the end of the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the National Statistical Service, in the City of London in 2022 worked about 615 thousand employees - is 29.6 thousand more compared to 2021.
    According to some forecasts, by 2040 the number of jobs in London will increase by another 85 thousand, which will require an additional 1.2 million m2 of office space, so the construction of new high-rise buildings is more relevant than ever.
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    Unmanned parking in Germany
    In 2015, Mercedes-Benz and Bosch began developing a parking lot in which unmanned cars can park without a driver - it took the German parliament to pass a series of regulations governing unmanned driving to launch the project.
    After pulling into a smart parking lot, the driver gets out of the car and selects the "park" function in the app. The car goes into unmanned mode and navigates itself to an available parking space. At the end of 2022, the German government allowed developers to implement such a system at the Stuttgart airport parking lot.
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    Chapter 6. Environmental Sustainability

    Thai airline to dress flight attendants in uniforms made from recycled bottles
    Thai Airways have introduced a new uniform for female flight attendants. Its main feature is environmental friendliness. The uniforms are made of 70% recycled fibers from plastic bottles, including plastic bottles left in the airplanes (the remaining 30% is traditional Thai silk).
    It is noted that it takes 54 plastic bottles to produce one uniform. The new eco-friendly uniforms will be used starting from January 1st, 2024. It is expected that by the end of next year 2100 Thai Airways flight attendants will wear this uniform.
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    Innovative air purifiers in Hong Kong
    In Hong Kong, a project to install seven roadside air purifiers has demonstrated its effectiveness in combating air pollution on city streets. The purifier is a compact 1.5-meter column with 6 modules that absorb nitrogen and carbon emissions. A pilot test was conducted in the summer of 2022 as a part of the Hong Kong Municipal Clean Air Program 2035.
    According to the test results, the pollutant capture efficiency ranged from 14% to 16.9% for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), 3.5% to 10% for PM 2.5, 11.9% to 18.7% for carbon monoxide (CO) and 19.2% to 44.9% for nitrogen oxide (NO).
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    Singapore has implemented a smart waste management system
    The city is using various technologies to improve the effieciency of waste management:
    • smart bins equipped with fill-level sensors;
    • data collection and analysis to optimize the waste collection schedule;
    • recycling (waste-to-energy, recycling plastic waste into polymer materials);
    According to Singapore's National Environment Agency (NEA), currently 61% of waste is recycled, 37% is burnt and only 2% is sent to landfills.
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    A British airline plane has made the first transatlantic flight using ecofuel
    A Virgin Atlantic Boeing 787 converted to use sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) flew from London to New York as a part of the ZeroAvia project, which encourages the development and adoption of SAF in the aviation industry.
    Eco-fuel is made from vegetable oils and fats that do not emit carbon dioxide or other harmful pollutants. According to Virgin Atlantic Airlines, the use of SAF can reduce carbon emissions by 65% compared to conventional kerosene.
    At the same time, critics argue that SAF fuel cannot be produced on a scale sufficient to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere. According to Reuters, airplanes account for 2.5% of the world's total harmful emissions.
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    Amsterdam has created a smart electric grid
    In 2021, Amsterdam has created a digital twin of its energy infrastructure called Local Inclusive Future Energy (LIFE). The system can simulate different scenarios of electricity consumption and storage with the help of artificial intelligence.
    The digital twin optimizes energy efficiency, stabilizes the local power grid and helps store excessive energy. The platform will be tested until 2025. To this date, 10,000 homes have already been connected to the smart grid.
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    Chapter 7. Russian Digest

    The first BRICS International Innovation Forum was held in Moscow
    The BRICS International Innovation Forum was held in Moscow on August 27-29 as a part of the Moscow Urban Forum. It was attended by more than 5 thousand people from more than 30 countries, including China, India, Brazil, United Arab Emirates, Indonesia, South Africa and others.
    During the event, the Moscow Innovation Cluster and representatives of 10 countries signed the Moscow Declaration for Innovative Development. The document is to stimulate cooperation in the field of development and implementation of advanced technologies. The Moscow City Government also received the World Innovation Award for the development of urban technologies and digital ecosystem.
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    Private houses in Russia will be able to receive green certificate
    In continuation of the successful experience of the development and implementation of the standards for apartment buildings (GOST R), a similar standard will be created for the construction of individual residential buildings. Green status will be granted to houses that meet the criteria of environmental safety and comfort.
    The experience of the BRICS countries and the UAE will be taken into account in the interstate standard of green construction
    The successful experience of the national green building standard developed by the Russian Ministry of Construction together with DOM.RF is planned to be scaled to the CIS and EAEU countries. It is expected that the interstate green standard will be developed in 2024, taking into account the experience of the BRICS countries, in particular, the UAE and China.
    DOM.RF and the Central Bank are discussing the possibility of launching a green mortgage in Russia
    The DOM.RF Development Institute, the Central Bank and ministries are discussing the launch of green mortgages in Russia. The DOM.RF Development Institute may develop a mortgage program for green housing construction, which will reduce the rate of project financing for the developer and the rate of housing loans by 1-2 percentage points. The program may be launched in 2024.
    St. Petersburg City Parliament considers banning electric scooters driving on sidewalks
    On October 4, the St. Petersburg City Parliament accepted the first reading of an appeal to Prime Minister Michael Mishustin with a proposal to prohibit the movement of electric scooters on sidewalks together with pedestrians, as well as to prohibit persons under 18 years of age to move on electric scooters outside specially equipped areas. This decision was due to the increased number of accidents with individual mobility aids. According to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, in the first half of 2023 there were more than 1 thousand accidents involving electric scooters, that in 12 deaths and more than 1 thousand injuries.
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    In Novosibirsk 40 free charging stations for electric cars will be opened by the end of 2023
    In 2023, Novosibirsk city authorities and energy companies of Novosibirsk launched the project "Siberia Charges", as part of the project 10 new electric charging stations have already appeared in the city. Currently there are 30 charging stations in the city, and in 2024 their number will reach 80. Novosibirsk Mayor A. Lokot reported that 800 electric cars are registered by citizens, but in fact their number may exceed a thousand units.
    The mayor's office said that car charging at all stations will be free until May 1, 2024. The mobile app must be installed to use a charging station. New electric charging stations will be located at central heating stations next to residential buildings.
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    Tunnels of the Big Circle Line of the Moscow Metro were included in the Book of Records of Russia
    Unique technologies were applied and a national record for the length of double-track tunnels was set during the construction of the Big Circle Line of the Moscow Metro. 11.5 thousand meters of double-track tunnels were built by the Mosengproekt Holding Company (Russian engineering company). This result is recorded in the Book of Records of Russia on October 19, 2023.
    Big Circle Line is one of the main projects of the capital's metro construction. The length of the BCL is 70 km, it has 31 stations, 28 of which were newly built and three were renovated. The Big Circle Line was opened by the President of Russia V. Putin on March 1, 2023. Moscow Mayor S. Sobyanin personally took part in the ceremony at Sokolniki metro station.
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    Master plans of Russian cities

    An increasing number of Russian cities are using master plans as instruments of strategic planning. Master plans help to prioritize the construction of new facilities and reconstruction of existing ones. It helps to create a comfortable and safe living environment, to optimize the use of land and resources, as well as improve the efficiency of public utilities.
    Grozny
    Grozny held an international competition to create a master plan for the city. It was won by a consortium led by Moscow-based arquitecct bureau Master's Plan.
    Russian Far East Cities
    During the Eastern Economic Forum 2023, Russian President V. Putin discussed master plans for Vladivostok, Khabarovsk, Blagoveshchensk and Birobidzhan with the heads of Russian regions. Earlier, the master plans of Anadyr, Magadan, and Yakutsk were presented to the President. A total of 22 master plans of cities in the Russian Far East were reviewed during such meetings.
    Mineralnye Vody
    Specialists from DOM.RF and the Institute of General Plan of Moscow have finalized a strategy for the territorial and socio-economic development of the Mineralnye Vody agglomeration. The project will affect key aspects of urban life: health and recreation, transportation, social and educational infrastructure, industry and retail, housing construction, urban environment and ecology.
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    Vladikavkaz
    DOM.RF presented a draft master plan for the development of Vladikavkaz until 2033. The master plan is designed to make Vladikavkaz an important logistics hub, as well as a production and educational center. Local residents took part in a series of online surveys on various crucial topics. They also submitted ideas and suggestions for urban development via an online platform.
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    Taganrog
    Taganrog is actively implementing the city master plan created in 2022 by DOM.RF. In September 2023, the second stage of the grove of the Dubki suburb town was completed. The restoration of ecosystem is one of the priority projects of the Taganrog master plan.
    It is planned to create more than 850 kilometers of bicycle lanes in St. Petersburg in 2024-2030
    The draft concept of St. Petersburg's bicycle infrastructure development until 2030 has been approved during the meeting of the working group under the Transport Committee of the St. Petersburg City Parliament. Within the concept it is planned to create 857 kilometers of new bicycle routes on the territory of all districts of the city.
    Today, 143.7 kilometers of bicycle routes are functioning in St. Petersburg. In 2024-2027 it is planned to create 368 kilometers of new bicycle routes, in 2028-2030 - to create 489 kilometers.
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    Moscow architectural projects won an international prize
    In 2023, 1229 projects of architects and designers from 72 countries took part in the Golden Trezzini Award. The winning projects from Moscow are as follows:
    • Pavilion № 1 at VDNKh Exhibition;
    • Pykhtino metro station;
    • Southern River Station;
    • The exhibition "You are here. Always. Today. The Day After Tomorrow.";
    • Zotov Center for the Study of Constructivism (nomination "The best reconstruction project");
    • Exhibition "Mikhail Vrubel" (nomination "The best project of temporary or permanent museum exposition");
    • The play "Love according to Marquez" (nomination "The best realized project of theatrical scenery").
    The winners were chosen by a professional jury chaired for many years by Mikhail Piotrovsky, General Director of the State Hermitage Museum.
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    Achinsk plans to create an environmentally friendly bus fleet by 2024
    In 2024, the Krasnoyarsk Region plans to submit an application for the purchase of environmentally friendly buses in gas modification for the Achinsk City Electric Transport (Municipal transport enterprise). Today bus passenger transportation is carried out by private organizations. The purchase of buses is planned to improve the quality of service to citizens and launch new routes.
    Taking into account the organization of tender procedures, determination of the supplier, production and delivery of new PAZ buses of Vector Next model, the buses will appear in Achinsk in the second half of 2024.
    According to the data of the regional government, Achinsk City Electric Transport carries up to 3 million passengers annually, which is about half of the city's passenger traffic.
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